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Low-purine diet reduces serum uric acid levels, particularly in overproduction-type gout, while improving blood pressure, BMI, lipid profiles, blood urea nitrogen, and serum creatinine levels.
A new prospective cohort study published in "European Journal of Medical Research" provided insights into how a low-purine diet (LPD) impacts serum uric acid levels and other health parameters in gout patients. Conducted between 2019 and 2022, the study enrolled 626 patients (age 41.20 ± 13.41 years, male 98%) and stratified them into 3 clinical subtypes—overproduction (n=69), underexcretion (n=428), and combined (n=129) types.
In this single-center study, volunteers underwent a 2-week LPD intervention. Baseline and post-diet assessments included general characteristics, serum uric acid, and other relevant clinical biochemical parameters. A 2-week LPD markedly reduced serum uric acid levels, with the greatest effects observed in overproduction-type gout, followed by combined and underexcretion types, as shown in Table 1:
Additionally, reductions were observed in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), triglycerides, total cholesterol, blood urea nitrogen, and serum creatinine levels when compared to baseline.
Even after adjusting for age, BMI, baseline serum uric acid, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), pivotal differences in serum uric acid reduction persisted across the different gout subtypes.
Higher baseline serum uric acid and blood urea nitrogen were strong predictors of greater serum uric acid reduction, suggesting a tailored approach to dietary intervention may enhance outcomes. This study reinforces the value of LPD as a non-pharmacological strategy in gout management, particularly for those with the overproduction subtype. Beyond lowering uric acid, LPD offers systemic health benefits, making it a holistic strategy to managing gout.
European Journal of Medical Research
Effect of low-purine diet on the serum uric acid of gout patients in different clinical subtypes: a prospective cohort study
Zhaoying Chen et al.
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