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A study with cross-sectional design was carried out to assess the additive value of magnesium and magnesium-containing nutritional supplements on immune responses following coronavirus disease in pregnant females. Furthermore, the differences in pregnancy outcomes were examined on the basis of supplements taken during pregnancy.
Weaker immune responses were reported in pregnant females who did not supplement their diet with magnesium-based supplements.
A study with cross-sectional design was carried out to assess the additive value of magnesium and magnesium-containing nutritional supplements on immune responses following coronavirus disease in pregnant females. Furthermore, the differences in pregnancy outcomes were examined on the basis of supplements taken during pregnancy.
Women having a history of COVID-19 during their pregnancy were surveyed for their priorities in nutritional supplementation. Furthermore, their profiles were comparatively evaluated with existing records from institutional database. Overall, 448 pregnant females with SARS-CoV-2 infection during the 22 months of the outbreak were assembled.
About 16.5% supplemented their diet with zinc, magnesium, and calcium combination while 13.6% of women took magnesium-only supplement. Nearly, a greater percentage of women in the no-supplementation group had the SARS-CoV-2 anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD) below 500 U/mL, when compared to women who took magnesium-based supplements, as shown in Table 1:
For determining an elevated level of antibody titers following coronavirus infection, the magnesium quantity in the taken supplements must be greater than 450 mg. A low magnesium dose (< 450 mg) was noted to be an independent and pivotal risk factor for poor immune responses (odds ratio-1.25).
Hence, it is recommended to supplement nutritional intake of pregnant females with magnesium-based products to ascertain raised levels of coronavirus anti-RBD antibodies, even though the causality remains uncertain.
Nutrients
Calcium, Magnesium, and Zinc Supplementation during Pregnancy: The Additive Value of Micronutrients on Maternal Immune Response after SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Ioana Mihaela Citu et al.
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