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Bone loss is typical in chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, ankylosing spondylitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel diseases, pemphigus vulgaris, and others.
Osteopenia is
referred to as a condition in which bone mineral density is lower than normal.
This present research article tells about the variations adapted by
inflammation from acute to chronic and so to curb bone loss.
Bone loss is
typical in chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis,
psoriasis, ankylosing spondylitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple
sclerosis, inflammatory bowel diseases, pemphigus vulgaris, and others. It is
also typical in transplantation-related inflammation and during the process of
aging. While we recognized that bone loss is tightly linked to immune system
activation or inflamm-aging in the form of acute, chronic active, or chronic
smoldering inflammation, bone loss is typically discussed to be an
"accident of inflammation."
Extensive
literature searches in PubMed central.
Using elements of
evolutionary medicine, energy regulation, and neuroendocrine regulation of
homeostasis and immune function, we work out that bone waste is an adaptive,
evolutionarily positively selected program that is absolutely necessary during
acute inflammation. However, when acute inflammation enters a chronic state due
to the inability to terminate inflammation (e.g., in autoimmunity or in
continuous immunity against microbes), the acute program of bone loss is a
misguided adaptive program.
The article
highlights the complexity of interwoven pathways of osteopenia.
Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2015 Oct;45(2):220-8
Evolutionary medicine and bone loss in chronic inflammatory diseases--A theory of inflammation-related osteopenia.
Straub RH et al.
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