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Risk factors for asymptomatic peptic ulcer disease in cirrhosis: A retrospective analysis

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Created On: 12/03/2025

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Key take away

The association of asymptomatic peptic ulcers with H. pylori, heavy alcohol use, and Child–Pugh class C liver disease in cirrhosis patients underscores the need for focused interventions to mitigate risks.

Background

Asymptomatic peptic ulcer disease (PUD) remains frequently overlooked in cirrhosis-affected patients, a population already at heightened risk for serious gastrointestinal (GI) complications that contribute to substantial mortality and morbidity. This study sought to determine the prevalence of asymptomatic PUD in cirrhosis patients and explore key factors linked with its occurrence during screening endoscopy.

Method

In this retrospective cross-sectional study, cirrhosis sufferers who underwent upper GI endoscopy for varices screening were included. For collecting data on demographics, degree of liver disease, and risk factors for PUD, a pretested questionnaire was used. H. pylori infection was identified via stool antigen or serology tests. Using logistic regression model, the potential predictors of PUD were identified.

Result

This study analyzed data from 296 patients, identifying PUD in 19.6% of cases. Strong associations were found between the presence of PUD and factors such as Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, moderate-to-heavy alcohol consumption, and cirrhosis classified as Child–Pugh class C.

Conclusion

The findings underscore a notable prevalence of asymptomatic PUD in cirrhosis patients, with significant correlations to H. pylori infection, excessive alcohol intake, and advanced liver disease (Child–Pugh class C). These insights highlight the critical need for targeted interventions, including H. pylori eradication therapy and alcohol use counseling, to reduce morbidity and boost patient outcomes in this vulnerable population.